First traces about peoples in czech area are from primeval ages. Few hundreds year before of our era, there are Celts in our regions. It stay some words in our language from this time (Bohemia, Cidlina, ...). Then comes germans tribes on the beginning of our era.

Slavonian tribes comes on the end of 3th century or on beginning of 4th century. They comes from Dnepr and Dnestr area. The tribe called Cechove (czech) settled in center of Czech region.

This empire is founded on the beginning of 7th century by Samo, to defend slavonian tribes against Avars and Frank empire. Slavonian tribes leaded by Samo wins in Vogatisburg battle (year 631). This Empire cease to exit a few years after Samo death.
There is 150 years of our history after Samo empire, about which we don't now nothing. It is a time of our legends. We have no second source of information about this time.

This empire is founded on the end of 8th century. This empire was in area of south Moravia region and south Slovakia. It is the time, when the christianity comes to our region. Konstantin (Cyril) and Metodej comes to our region and use old slavonian language for masses. They also created alphabet, they are first literature memories from this time. This empire cease to exit on the end of 9th century, and in this time arise the Czech kingdom.

First king was Borivoj (years 882 - 894). It was king eyes of czech people, but emperor of St. Empire of Romanium (in area of Germany and a part of Italy) respect him only like a prince. It is necessary to know, that this empire has strong influence on our kingdom in this time. It is changed our religious from east christianity to western christianity. It is also time, when we start use second alphabet, the western alphabet.
The king Vaclav I. (years 921 - 935) make from Czech kingdom indeed christianity state. Time of pagan religious is definitive away. Vaclav I. vas killed by his brother Boleslav in town Mlada Boleslav. Vaclav is patron saint of czech nation from this time to now days.
First real czech king (respected by Romanium empire) was Vratislav II. He obtain this for his help of Germany emperor in war with a pope. He is respected like a king, but it is not valid for his successors. The inherited kingdom obtain a king Premysl Otakar I.

Premysls period is a time, when Czech kingdom start be very strong and respected in Europe region. Premysl Otakar I. obtain inherited kingdom (year 1212), so we were every next time respected like the kingdom.
After Premysl Otakar I. become czech king his son Vaclav I and then Premysl Otakar II. It is a time of expansion of our kingdom, there are settled towns and castles. It is a time of strong kingdom and prosperity. Premysl Otakar II. died 26.8. 1278 in battle with Rudolf Hasburk near Vienna. After his dead is 5 years of political crisis, when Branibors are on a czech throne.

Karel IV is called father of fatherland in Czech republic. He was a son of Jan Luxemburg (he died in battle between England and France 1346). It is our most famous king. He was not only czech king, but he becomes also Romanium emperor. He makes from Prague the capital city not only of Czech republic but all central europe. He settled our first university (1348) in Prague, it was 3. university in the Europe (oldest are only Cambrige university and Sorbona in Paris). It were "Czech gold times".

After Karel dead (1378) ascend the throne his son Vaclav IV. It starts religious unrest. The leader of new ideas in catholic religious is Jan Hus. He continuous in John Wicklif ideas. A lot of people listen his ideas. He was burn to death 6.7.1415 for his ideas.
This fire start big war. Czech people revolts. Knights mean on beginning that it will be easy to win, but they lose all battle with this rebels. The rebel leader was Jan Ziska. Rebels were called Husitians. Zikmund ascend the czech throne, but he can't to stay in Prague because Husitians gain control in the city. Pope sign Czech kingdom like heretic country. There comes about 100 000 knights from all Europe to knock down Husitians in year 1420. 30 000 husitians solders win, because Jan Ziska was very clever and tricky leader. It was first cross expedition to Czech country.
There were more big cross expeditions to Czech country, but every time Husitians win. They star be known like unbeated fighters. The bigest attack on Czech country, but the knights run away only when listen war song of husitians solders.
Jan Ziska died in year 1424, but husitians continuous with new leaders Jan Hvezda and Prokop Holy. It is interested, that the most famous military leader of this time (Jan Ziska) was blind. One eye he lose in battle in between Poland and Germany before husitians wars, second eye lose in the husitians time, in battle of Rabi castle. He prepare strategy only on information which told him his helpers but he never lose.
The end of husitians are internal disagreements. This disagreements finish by battle between husitians. It was 30.5.1434 near village Lipany.

After Husitians wars were Czech country in very bed conditions. It is the time of weak kings and ungoverned times. Jiri z Podebrad ascend the throne in 2.3.1458. He was voted by Czech nobles. He stabilized Czech kingdom. His big dream is cooperation of European kingdoms in field of defense against Osman empire and also in economy field. Czech kingdom is again one from strongest kingdoms in Europe region.
He try to continuous in religious reforms, and he came to dispute with pope. The pope send king Matyjas to Czech country in year 1468. It start a new war. This wars has no winner. One battle win Jiri, second Matyjas. This war ended by Jiri death in year 1471. He was called Husitian king.

After death Jiri from Podebrady, it is period when ascend Czech throne nobles Jagelons from Poland. They weren't so strong kings. They ascend Czech throne in year 1471 and last Jagelons king was Ludvik Jagelon. He died in Mohacs battle with Osmans in year 1526. Rudolf I. Hasburg was voted by Czech king. Hasburg dynasty stayed in Czech throne to year 1918.

The religious problems continuous in this time (beginning of 17th century.). It lead to revolt of Czech nobles against king Matysas Hasburg (1618) It started 30 years long religious war between protestants and Catholics, which were in all Europe. They vote new king Friedrich Falcky (26. 8. 1619). Matyjas comes with solders and he win in battle on Bila hora near Prague. 27 main Czech nobles were executed after this battle, and German nobles comes to Czech country. The 30 years long war began.
Before this war lived in Czech country more than 3 000 000 peoples, but after this war there stay not more than 800 000. Czech country is a part of big empire "Rakousko - Uhersko". So Czech country is not independence kingdom from this time, but only a part of this empire. It start time of recatolization of Czech country and suppressing of Czech culture and language. German language is a official language, it is used in schools, every where. This time we called the "Dark times".

Our modern state was declared 28.10.1918 after first world war. Tomas Garrigue Masaryk was first president. The republic has three main parts - Czech, SLovakia and Carpatian Rus. This republic died in year 1939, when second world war began. Our republic was modern, economical strong state. These years are named "Czech gold years".

Our country had defend agreement with England and France. When Hitler become leader of Germany, in Czech borders regions stars problems, because there lived more that 3 000 000 of Germans. Hitler asked for border region of Czech republic. 29.9.1938 England (Chamberlain), France (Daladier), Germany (Hitler) and Italy (Mussolini) decided, that Germany can occupied our border region. 15.3.1939 Germany soldiers occupied residue of our country.

The war in Europe finish in our country. The Russian army came from east and American solders came from west. The meet in Czech republic region, but bigger part of our republic liberated by Russian army. Last big fight of second world war in Europe start 5.5.1945, when German army start to prepared defense of Prague against Russian army. Czech people start fight against Nazi. 9.5.1945 Russian army came to Prague.

After war Czechoslovakia continues. Political situation is very unstable. 25.2.1948 militia (communism armed groups) make putsch and communism party usurp domination. The democracy loose on 43 years. Klement Gottwald is first communism president in our country.

There were some political reforms in Czechoslovakia on the end of 60 - thy years. Soviet union disagree with new political trends in Czechoslovakia. They sent some warnings. Our government (leader Alexander Dubcek) try to explain our reforms, but unsuccessfully. 21.8.1968 Russian, Poland, East Germany and Hungary armies attacked our country and stopped our political reforms. Russian solders stay longer than 20 years in Czech republic. Last Russian solder went out from Czechoslovakia on 21.6.1991.

17.11.1989 students of Czech universities start big demonstrations against communism government. During few days all people in Czechoslovakia went to the streets. Communism government resign and after 43 years we have free voting, were we select more than one political party.

This two republic exist from 1.1.1993. Division of federation run by peace way after accord.

We are member of European Union from 1.5.2004.